Artificial muscles transform robotics with high strength and flexibility

American researchers have unveiled a new generation of artificial muscles that could transform robotics capabilities. The development from Arizona State University enables robots to lift objects over one hundred times their own weight, a feat previously considered extremely challenging for compact systems.

The technology is inspired by natural muscles. Scientists created HARP actuators—spiral polymer structures that contract and expand using air pressure. According to the developers, this hollow spiral design requires minimal pressure to operate, making it significantly more efficient than traditional electric motors.

The new system offers several key advantages: it's lightweight, flexible, and nearly silent. These "muscles" don't require complex power sources, paving the way for autonomous robots. The technology also withstands extreme conditions, operating in high temperatures and harsh environments, including boiling water.

Practical tests have demonstrated the technology's broad potential. Researchers built a robotic "arm" inspired by an elephant's trunk that can gently manipulate objects, plus a wearable back-support device that assists with heavy lifting. Looking ahead, the technology could be used in rescue operations, industrial applications, and even exploring hard-to-reach natural areas.